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According to an RJC auditor, vendors only require to promise that they conduct solid human rights due diligence, but do not give any proof for this. Neither does the Code of Practices need jewelersor other downstream companiesto have traceability or chain of custody of their gold or rubies. The Code of Practices is additionally weak in other substantive locations, as an example, on native peoples' rights and on resettlement.


In March 2017, the RJC had 342 participants who had not (yet) completed the audit procedure that certifies conformity with the Code of Practices. On top of that, companies can sign up with at any degree of their operations. For instance, a small subsidiary workplace of a large jewelry business could use for RJC membership, without consisting of the remainder of the business's entities.


Ultimately, the Code of Practices does not need firms to publicly report on the concrete actions they have taken to perform due diligencea core requirement of the OECD Support. Its coverage responsibilities are obscure and do not discuss due diligence or the demand for companies to report on the steps they have required to identify, evaluate, and alleviate threats in their supply chains

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A 2nd RJC standard, the Chain-of-Custody Requirement, promotes traceability and is more rigorous, however adherence to it is optional for RJC members. By very early 2018, just 48 of over 1,000 member firms had accredited entities under the standard, including 13 jewelry experts. The Chain-of-Custody Criterion needs companies to develop documentary evidence of business purchases along the supply chain and to validate they are not triggering damaging impacts in conflict-affected and high-risk locations.


Instead, firms are enabled to pick some "entities" under their control for accreditation, leaving other entities of a company uncertified. While this might permit companies to gradually switch over to more liable sourcing practices, the present method also carries the danger that a whole company enjoys the reputational advantage when most of operations is not in conformity with the requirement.


All RJC participant firms have to undertake an audit to demonstrate that they are compliant with the Code of Practices, and to receive accreditation. Those business that choose to obtain accreditation for the Chain-of-Custody Standard need to undertake a different audit. Audits are based mainly on a review of the business's written policies and documents, and check outs to a "depictive set" of centers.

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It is not a comprehensive examination concerning whether the business in fact carries out or complies with its plans throughout its operations. As an example, large firms may have procedures in several nations, and count on many distributors, however still might obtain RJC qualification based upon check outs to just a few centers under its direct control with no evaluation of several others.


Although audits are meant to include concerns on a broad variety of civils rights, auditors are not always qualified human legal rights experts. When the auditors complete their websites record, they just submit a summary report of the audit to the RJC, not the complete audit record, which is shared just with the firm




While labor abuses prevail in the market, artisanal mines supply income for millions of employees and hundreds of mining areas. Human being Rights Watch thinks that the precious jewelry market ought to make every effort to guarantee that their efforts to minimize supply chain civils rights threats do not lead them to simply exclude all artisanal suppliers from their supply chains as the "course of least resistance." Instead, they ought to support initiatives to define and professionalize artisanal mines and improve functioning problems.


The OECD Charge Diligence Assistance identifies this and is promoting cost-sharing within the industry. This way, all firms along the supply chain share the financial burden. A number of campaigns have actually emerged that can aid jewelers trace their gold and rubies to mines of origin, and more sensibly source from the artisanal industry.

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Concerning 600 grown-up miners have been registered at 6 mine sites; youngsters can not register. Accreditation of specific mines versus liable sourcing requirements can give jewelry experts with greater guarantee that the gold or diamonds they acquire from those mines are not tainted by human rights misuses. Nongovernmental organizations such as Solidaridad and effect can play a key role in sustaining mines to improve techniques so they are able to comply with the standard; this might include actions to tackle child labor, boost environmental conduct, accessibility finance, and develop direct call with buyers.


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2 standardscertify artisanal and small gold mines that adjust to human rights, labor rights, and environmental standardsthe Fairmined Requirement and the Fairtrade Gold Standard (Seiko Watches). Depending on the client's license with Fairmined, the gold might be completely deducible to the mine of origin, or may be mixed with various other gold.




This quantity is simply a little fraction of the gold used each year by several of the firms examined in this record. As of very early 2018, eight mines in four nations (Bolivia, Colombia, Mongolia, and Peru) were licensed, with an extra 20 mining organizations working towards certification. The Fairmined Gold Standard is presently developing a new "market entry" criterion that seeks to assist artisanal golden goose while doing so in the direction of complete accreditation.

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It is provided under the umbrella of Fairtrade International, and allows jewelry experts to map their gold back completely to the mine of origin. Fairtrade's first certified mines remained in Peru. Over the last few years, the Fairtrade Structure, Solidaridad, and various other NGOs performed a program of training and support to artisanal and small-scale gold miners in Africa, and in very early 2017, licensed an artisanal cash cow in Uganda.